[Effect of psychological interventions on mental status of female students]

Introduction: The Preservation of health and mental health, especially among students is important, because they are the future of the country. In the event of damage to the mental health of students and their academic performance is reduced. This study aimed to determine the effect of psychological interventions on mental status of female students with behavioral disorders

Methods: This research was a clinical trial study in 80 female students [40 intervention and 40 control] were residing in the dormitory of Medical Sciences during 2010-11 which had the required conditions to enter the study program based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data gathering tools was MMPI [Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory]questionnaire had 71 questions that researchers using these tools for mental status in both the intervention and control groups before and after psychological interventions [in Group therapy 8 sessions of 45 min] data analysis with SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics was performed

Results: Finding showed some mental status criterion had an Statistically significant average difference: the measure of paranoia, aspects of defense and lie detector test criterionin the two intervention and control groups. [p<0/005] However, some measures of mental status showed no statistically significant difference

Conclusion: Researchers have suggested to do researches however as with a more widely and using a variety of other assessment tools

[Effect of family education program on depression, anxiety and stress of family caregivers of elderly individuals with dementia]

Due to rising elderly population and the subsequent increase in chronic disorders such as dementia, the expected number of family caregivers and health care complications, especially psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, etc are on the rise. Therefore, present study aimed to investigate the effect of family education program on depression, anxiety and stress in family caregivers of elderly individuals with dementia. This study was a clinical trial investigating the effect of a family education program on 50 family caregivers in referral centers for elderly with dementia located in Isfahan. Convenience sampling and random assignment were used in our study. Data collection tools were mini mental status examination [MMSE] and DASS [42 items]. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and chi-square, independent t-test, and analysis of variance with repeated measures. Demographic characteristics did not show any statistically significant different. Compared with control group, mean score for depression, anxiety and stress of experimental group in caregivers decreased significantly [P<0.01]. Implementation of this program could improve psychological status of family-caregivers of elderly individual with dementia, it is suggested that some programs be standardized and developed after evaluation of different research designs

[Nurses' experiences regarding working in the psychiatric wards and its physical outcomes]

The nurses have a significant role in the treatment and care of the patients with mental and psychiatric disorders. They encounter complications and various phenomena of the psychiatric settings such as physical strain. It is essential to have a deep understanding about nurses' attitudes, perceptions, emotions and beliefs about physical results in the psychiatric ward. This study was conducted to access nurses' experiences regarding physical outcome of working in psychiatric settings as an important step in improving psychatric nursing practice in the psychiatric wards. This is a qualtivative study with phenomenology method. Participants of this research were selected through proposal sampling. They were nurses who were employed in psychiatric wards of 4 hospitals in Isfahan, Iran. The hospitals included: Farabi, Al Zahra, Noor and Shahid Modarres. The participants' aged between 25-50 years [M=35]. 35/2 percent were male [N=6] and 64/7 percent were female [N=11]. Data were gathered in spring in 2005 by in depth interviews. Every interview was recorded in a tape. Each interview lasted for 20 to 90 minutes [M=49]. Data analysis was done by Cloaizzi method. Study results were summerized in 2 core concepts: physical strain and workload and 4 subconcepts: physical injury, fatigue, environment management and care provision. Inadequate experience and knowledge in the psychiatric team causes inevitable physical strain. Haring an insight toward nurses' experiences reveals nurses' needs and can help them to have a better picture of themselves. Thus this is an important step in improving psychiatric nursing practice. Having a deep understanding from nurses' experiences about physical outcomes of psychiatrc wards, has a significant and fundamental influence on quality of care given to the patients with psychiatric and method disorders. It helps not only nurses, but also all psychiatric team to decrease physical strain. This study hopes to help all people participating in proviiding care for the patients with mental and psychiatric disorders, inviting them to improve practice and to evaluate this process. Improvement of professional competence is fulfilled through decreasing the physical starin in the psychiatric wards

[Effect of students' work on their educational output]

University students are among the most talent members of a society who make the future. Nowadays, university students as man power and spritual resources of a nation in addition to studying, have to work part time or fullime due to different reasons. Recent researches show that part time or full time work can bring about better results among the students. Meanwhile, some may make an educational drop. This study has been carried out firstly, to assess the role of part time and full time work on students' average and secondly to investigated other possible factors. This is a descriptive analytic cross sectional study in which the whole research population was chosen as the subjects. The main group included 200 male and female students from 7 schools of Isfahan Medical University all having the including criteria. There were another 200 students as controls not working selected from the same school. The average before students' work was considered as the basic average and the present simester average of the students as the present average. The subjects were classified with their average rank in three groups of 12-14. 99, 15-16. 99 and over 17 in study and control group. The findings showed that mean average differences in study and control groups had no significant difference and part time and full time students' work played no role in students' educational out put. Students' are responsible for providing public health in different groups of medical sciences as a part of health and treatment ministry. Since based on this research, students' work played no role in their educational out put except for the students with average >/= 17, the programs for students' counseling and reinforcing their motivation toward promotion of education quality are highly suggested.

[Effects of cycled light on weight gain of preterm infants in Isfahan in 2005]

Nowadays prematurity is the major cause of death among infants during the first year of life and is responsible for most of admissions to nursing intensive care unit [NICU]. Having multiple neurodevelopmental problems, preterm infants are low birth weight because of staying in uterus for a shorter time. So, the survival of preterm infants would be depended on their birth weight. The stressful environment of NICU exposes preterm infants to inappropriate stimuli such as continuous light in day-night period, which in addition to the susceptibility of these infants, imposes the researcher to use alternative methods to promote their growth and health. The aim of study was to determine the effect of cycled light on weight gain in preterm infants. This study was a quasi-experimental study carried out on 66 hospitalized preterm infants in NICU in Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan. Subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were gathered by interviews and observations. Weight of infants was measured by special infant scale. DX2 luxmeter was used in order to measure light intensity. In intervention group, light intensity of NICU was reduced from 180-200 lux to 5-10 lux by turning the lights off from 7.5 PM to 7.5 AM. At the beginning and at the end of study, infants' weights were measured. The length of intervention was matched between the two groups. Descriptive and analytic statistical methods were used for data analysis. The results showed a significant difference between weight gains [weight changes] of preterm infants in the two groups [P = 0.041] but there was no significant difference between weights of preterm infants before and after study in the cycled group [P = 0.058] and in the control group [P = 0.183]. According to the results, applying cycled light in NICU could improve growth and weight gain in preterm infants. The possibility of applying cycled light in clinical centers would be achieved if facilities were provided. Then, developmental interventions such as arranging environmental light are suggested to promote infants' health

Effect of muscular relaxation on diabetic children covered by Endocrinology Research Center of Esfahan University of Medical Sciences

From the time diabetes was diagnosed, there have been different methods to treat it of that the most routine is through insulin, diet therapy and sport. There has been a complementary treatment, recently introduced, as progressive muscular relaxation of that the main mechanism is mainly based on a decrease in stress and anxiety among diabetic children. This procedure is vastly carried out by nurses and other health team members in clinical fields This is a quasi-experimental study [pre post test]. The samples included 52 diabetic children aged 7-15 years quite identical in research qualifications to enter the study in two groups of controls and muscular relaxation. The data were collected by laboratory reports [glycosylated hemoglobin], patients' files or IDs and interviews. Sampling was r and om convenient. After the subjects were selected, educational sessions were held for intervention group. In relaxation group, all body parts of the child were contracted and relaxed for 45 minutes just before going to bed for two months. After educating all subjects, glycosylated hemoglobin test was checked for all of them. This procedure of relaxation was continued by giving a relaxation cassette to the subjects for home use. The subjects were checked four times through r and om phone calls to investigate and to be sure about the intervention precisely followed. Glycosylated hemoglobin were again checked after two months. Descriptive, inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that HbAlc changes in relaxation group was as 62.5% while it had a descending trend of 50% in controls which can be due to intervention. Mean of glycosylated hemoglobin before the study in relaxation group was 10.27 while thereafter it got 10.13 [about 14% decline in glycosylated hemoglobin]. According to paired t-test, this decline has been significant [p=0.036] Since, this technique is economical and effective in decreasing diabetic children's anxiety, it is suggested to be h and led as a non medication intervention in health and treatment clinics

[ effect of group therapy on depression and anxiety levels of the patients with MI]

Introduction: Since about 65% of the patients with MI experience psychological and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety that set back their return to work period, lower their quality of life and enhance their risk of death, treatment of these reactions can speed their recovery and make their life span longer. This study has tried to define and compare mean depression and anxiety scores in patients before, after and a month after intervention in both groups of study and control

Methods: This is a clinical experiment on 22 patients with MI hospitalized in CCUs of Medical university hospital for the first time, being discharged and randomly selected as study and control groups. The data were collected by Beck depression scale and kattle anxiety scale. In order to access the results, pair-test, ANOVA with reobservations and T- student test were used in SPSS software

Results: The findings showed that depression and anxiety levels in patients with MI significantly decreased after group therapy sessions and a month after that compared with before intervention. There was a significant difference in study group

Discussion: Regarding the continuous effect of group therapy on depression and anxiety levels of the patients, manipulating this method seems essential in all stages of prevention and treatment of the patients with MI

[Effect of massage therapy on the level of blood glucose in diabetic children]

Introduction: Since the recognition of diabetes, different management methods have been found of which the most important ones are insulin and regimen therapies as well as exercise. Besides these types of management and treatment, complementary treatments such as massage therapy also can be practiced in this study. The goal of this study is assessment of the effect of massage therapy on the level of blood glucose in diabetic children

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental, two group, two step, pre Post design. Samples included 15 diabetic children, 7-15 years old, all having including criteria of the study, in two groups of control and massage. Sampling was done with convenience method and groups were divided randomly by the investigator. In massage group, parents had to massage their children's body 6 times everyday for 15 minutes at bedtime, for a period of two months. After completing education, one glycated hemoglobin test was done as well as a retest after two months. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and descriptive inferential statistical method

Results: Paired t_test showed that glycated hemoglobin had been significantly decreased after study in massage group compared with pre-study period [P<0/05]. Analysis of variance showed a mere significant difference between pre and post study mean of glycated hemoglobin between massage and control groups [P<0/05]

Discussions: Results showed the positive effect of massage on decrease of blood glucose resulting in the decrease of glycated hemoglobin in diabetic children. Therefore, this method can be suggested as a complement method in addition to the routine treatment of diabetes to decrease blood glucose in diabetic children